Enriching Bible Study and Theological Understanding to the Glory of God, or A theological reason for sermon manuscripts.
Rev. Rob Jones

In an age where many voices clamor for our attention and countless resources abound, it can be a rare and gracious gift to encounter sermon manuscripts carefully crafted with the integrity and clarity characteristic of our Reformed tradition. I delight in the rich heritage of theology handed down from the Reformers. I am pleased to share with you my sermon manuscripts. It is my prayer that they may serve as both a guide and a companion on the pilgrim’s journey toward Christ. Shalom.

The Value of Citation and Footnoting

Every manuscript I prepare is not simply the fruit of private meditation, but also a tapestry woven with the insights of faithful saints across centuries. Each citation and footnote is thoughtfully included, not for the sake of academic display, but rather to anchor exposition in the whole counsel of God and the wisdom of the church. Those who engage with these manuscripts will discover references to Scripture, confessional statements, classic and contemporary theologians, exegetical works, and Biblical translations—each intended to edify and illumine rather than overwhelm.

• Accessible Citations: Every referenced work is chosen for its fidelity to biblical truth and its usefulness for the laity and scholar alike.
• Purposeful Footnotes: Footnotes are not mere academic apparatus; they are invitations to dig deeper, to wrestle with the text, and to ponder the mysteries of grace. Sometimes I just like to clarify a word or theological theme.

For Personal Bible Study

It is my earnest desire that these manuscripts would not be put aside after the Sunday service, but rather become a part of your daily walk with the Lord. Those who wish to enrich their personal Bible study will find that the bibliographies and footnotes provide a roadmap for further discovery. Whether tracing the thread of a doctrine through history or comparing perspectives on a difficult passage, the diligent reader will be equipped to grow in understanding and devotion. I also encourage theological discussion with me and among congregants.

• The included bibliographies provide trusted resources for further study, making it easier to explore theological themes in greater depth. Most of the resources are in my personal library or readily accessible online for free.
• Footnotes also offer windows into the interpretive process, helping to clarify why certain conclusions are drawn and encouraging critical reflection grounded in Scripture.

Deepening Theological Insight and Spiritual Growth

The study of doctrine is not a sterile exercise; it is a means by which we come to know the living God more fully. The citations and references found in these manuscripts are chosen to illuminate the truth and foster a reverence for the mysteries of our faith. They are meant to guard us against error and to draw us, by the Holy Spirit, into deeper communion with the Triune God. I will also state that doctrinal study is not meant to indoctrinate, but to give insight to the discerning heart that one may make up their own mind.

In the Reformed tradition, we confess that knowledge and love of God are inseparable, and that the means of grace—including the faithful study of the Word—are the Spirit’s appointed instruments for our sanctification. My prayer is that, as readers engage with these manuscripts, they will not merely collect information, but will encounter the living Christ, who alone can satisfy the longing soul.

Invitation to the Journey

If you are seeking resources to aid your personal study, to enrich your teaching or preaching, or to deepen your understanding of the faith once delivered to the saints, I invite you to make use of these manuscripts. May the Spirit grant you insight, humility, and joy as you press on to know the Lord, building on the foundation of the Word, guided by the wisdom of those who have gone before, and ever depending on the grace that is ours in Jesus Christ.

Soli Deo Gloria. (For God’s Glory Alone)

Rev. Rob Jones

7th Sunday of Easter 2025
Rev. Rob Jones

Matthew 28:16-20

Now the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain to which Jesus had directed them. ¹⁷ When they saw him, they worshiped him, but they doubted. ¹⁸ And Jesus came and said to them, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. ¹⁹ Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit ²⁰ and teaching them to obey everything that I have commanded you. And remember, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”

John 17:20-26

“I ask not only on behalf of these but also on behalf of those who believe in me through their word, ²¹ that they may all be one. As you, Father, are in me and I am in you, may they also be in us, so that the world may believe that you have sent me.²² The glory that you have given me I have given them, so that they may be one, as we are one, ²³ I in them and you in me, that they may become completely one, so that the world may know that you have sent me and have loved them even as you have loved me. ²⁴ Father, I desire that those also, whom you have given me, may be with me where I am, to see my glory, which you have given me because you loved me before the foundation of the world.

²⁵ “Righteous Father, the world does not know you, but I know you, and these know that you have sent me. ²⁶ I made your name known to them, and I will make it known, so that the love with which you have loved me may be in them and I in them.”

Acts 16:16-34

One day as we were going to the place of prayer, we met a female slave who had a spirit of divination and brought her owners a great deal of money by fortune-telling. ¹⁷ While she followed Paul and us, she would cry out, “These men are slaves of the Most High God, who proclaim to you the way of salvation.” ¹⁸ She kept doing this for many days. But Paul, very much annoyed, turned and said to the spirit, “I order you in the name of Jesus Christ to come out of her.” And it came out that very hour.

¹⁹ But when her owners saw that their hope of making money was gone, they seized Paul and Silas and dragged them into the marketplace before the authorities. ²⁰ When they had brought them before the magistrates, they said, “These men, these Jews, are disturbing our city ²¹ and are advocating customs that are not lawful for us, being Romans, to adopt or observe.” ²² The crowd joined in attacking them, and the magistrates had them stripped of their clothing and ordered them to be beaten with rods. ²³ After they had given them a severe flogging, they threw them into prison and ordered the jailer to keep them securely. ²⁴ Following these instructions, he put them in the innermost cell and fastened their feet in the stocks.

²⁵ About midnight, Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns to God, and the prisoners were listening to them.²⁶ Suddenly, there was an earthquake so violent that the foundations of the prison were shaken, and immediately all the doors were opened and everyone’s chains were unfastened. ²⁷ When the jailer woke up and saw the prison doors wide open, he drew his sword and was about to kill himself, since he supposed that the prisoners had escaped. ²⁸ But Paul shouted in a loud voice, “Do not harm yourself, for we are all here.” ²⁹ The jailer called for lights, and rushing in, he fell down trembling before Paul and Silas. ³⁰ Then he brought them outside and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?” ³¹ They answered, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.” ³² They spoke the word of the Lord to him and to all who were in his house. ³³ At the same hour of the night he took them and washed their wounds; then he and his entire family were baptized without delay. ³⁴ He brought them up into the house and set food before them, and he and his entire household rejoiced that he had become a believer in God.

Sermon

We live in a world increasingly hostile to the truth of God’s Word. The pressure to conform to popular secular, as well as Christian, views is immense.  We sometimes feel pressure to stay silent when we know that injustice is happening, to hide our faith in the ministry of Christ. 

It’s tempting to soften the gospel, to avoid calling out sin, especially when certain voices are so loud. It is tempting to keep silent and to keep our heads down so as not to draw unwanted attention in the face of spiritual bullying. All Christians must understand the commission Jesus gave to His Apostles, to make disciples of all the world (Matthew 28:16-20). The Great Commission was a call to stand firm in Christ’s teachings, not their personal beliefs, and He calls us to stand firm—regardless of the cost.

The lesson in Acts begins with Paul and Silas confronting a spiritual subjugation—a girl enslaved by a “spirit of divination,” who loudly proclaims their identity as servants of the “Most High” God. Notice her persistent shouting in the text, which initially appears as a declaration of truth. In actuality, it was a disruption to God’s purpose. We are told that Paul is annoyed and so calls out the demon. A bold and calculated move upon the part of Paul. 

Paul was deeply distressed—not annoyed but troubled^[1]—by the girl’s spiritual bondage. Her loud proclamation was a sign of her captivity, and Paul’s response was to free her, even if it meant facing opposition. Like Paul, we are called to expose darkness and stand for truth, even when it draws criticism. It is hard to risk being misunderstood for the sake of Christ. Unlike Paul, many Christians are ill equipped to handle being the mouthpiece of God and often misspeak, misquote, or misrepresent the Gospel, even though they have the best of intentions. 

When our biblical identity and truth clash with prevailing cultural opinions, one of two extremes can come about. There can be a temptation to shrink back, to be silent and hide who we truly are. Or, if our personality is bolder, we may seek to be like Paul and call it out. We may try to shout louder, be more vocal in our approach. Especially today, in a world of extremes, when we feel so emboldened we may like a video online, repost an inappropriate comment, or just completely pull the nuclear option on someone. Whether it is shrinking or bold proclamation, each of these extremes can be problematic. Knowing the right path as Christians can sometimes be difficult to discern.

Have you ever held back from speaking biblical truth out of fear of being labeled “the wrong kind” of Christian? How many of us sometimes prefer comfort over faithfulness? Or on the other extreme, have you ever stood your ground, but bit off more than you can chew? You know in your heart you are right, but seeking the right scripture, or teaching becomes elusive. So, you resort to your fundamentals, and you end up exactly where you did not want to be. Is one extreme better than the other? 

When Paul cast out the spirit, the response was immediate hostility rooted in greed and the preservation of societal norms. The owners of the girl (yes, it is often overlooked that she was enslaved) lost their profitable income, and they stirred the crowd against Paul and Silas. Morally Paul was justified in what he did. He freed the girl from the spirit, and without any real value, her owners would be understandably upset. Paul’s actions carried consequences, he and Silas were beaten with rods and thrown in prison.

Living out our faith often comes at a cost. The world will resist, sometimes violently, when its systems are challenged by God’s justice^[2]. Being willing to risk one’s reputation, comfort, or even safety to stand for God’s justice and righteousness, instead of remaining silent is noble, and it is good to seek to live your life like Paul and the other Apostles. However, we must know what it is we are called to do and speak. Societal norms change. Just as Christian interpretation of the scriptures change. Paul was pushing the envelope when he challenged the societal norms with this healing. He was also perpetuating Jesus’ ministry—Jesus was often taunted by demons which he expelled with haste (Matthew 8:16, Mark 5:1-20, Luke 8:26-39, Luke 4:33, Matthew 8:28-34)

During the Civil Rights Movement, many believers faced imprisonment, violence, and even death for standing against racial injustice—faithful resistance often costs everything. Society was changing, too slowly for some, but changing none-the-less. Now, I don’t believe there is anyone in polite society today who believes that people of a certain color should be made to drink from a different water fountain, or use “colored only” bathrooms. With all that said, there were Christian pastors who preached separate but equal was the will of God, because it was the will of the courts. They misrepresented the spirit of Jesus’ teachings by using cherry picked scripture to keep a status quo. They, in their fear, pushed against a kairos^[3] moment in God’s plan. Ultimately, they were proven wrong, but not before many people were hurt and even killed in the process. 

As followers of Christ, we must be prepared to face opposition, knowing that our victory lies in Christ, not in worldly acceptance. We must be willing to call out injustice, as many churches did when society said not to. Unfortunately, many Christians were silent, maybe because they were scared, they didn’t want to be called out. They believed all of God’s creatures are made in the image of God, but didn’t know how to convey this concept. Not knowing how to articulate their feelings, some resorted to violence out of frustration and innocent people died. Real life is hardly ever as black and white as the history books tell us. 

Those who were mad at Paul and Silas did not want their status interrupted. They used the societal laws and their beliefs to get revenge against Paul and Silas. They yelled so loud, that others began to yell too, until Paul and Silas were arrested, beaten, and thrown in prison. 

We saw Paul use one extreme to free the girl from the evil spirit. Then the mood of the story changes. Once he and Silas were in prison, we see another extreme. They were not belligerent or defying authority as prisoners. They prayed, and they sang hymns. But do not mistake Paul’s sudden meekness for sudden cowardice. Despite their suffering in prison, Paul and Silas refused to despair—testifying to us that faith does not depend on circumstances but on the sovereign power of God. Discerning God’s plan, however, takes learning to discern. As citizens of heaven, we are called to love loudly—defend the oppressed, speak truth to power, and resist every form of injustice in many differing ways.

When the world demands silence or conformity, will you be a voice of hope and truth? Will your life declare the kingdom of God? Paul and Silas, chained and beaten, trusted in God’s power to break the chains—literally and spiritually. Their faith was a witness that the Lord’s power is greater than any prison or oppression. Suddenly, God shook the prison, breaking the chains of every prisoner. The jailer’s life was at risk^[4], but Paul and Silas didn’t run for the hills as so many prison escape movies have taught us to do. They remained in their prison cells, and instead offered the prison guard love, forgiveness, and the gospel—leading to his salvation.

Many believe the abolition of slavery in America was a divine act, carried out through the perseverance of faithful believers praying and acting for justice. But it wasn’t done is a vacuum. God used those who understood the law, more importantly how to change it, to change societal expectations. He also used those who understood the Gospel of Christ to change the beliefs of popular Christian theology^[5] to more effectively reflect the mission of Christ in his ministry and the commission given to Paul and the other Apostles. 

One important lesson we can take from Paul and Silas; it is important to stay with those still in bondage—whether spiritually or socially—and proclaim the gospel of liberation with love and humility. A deeper lesson is it is more important to seek discernment through the Holy Spirit to determine the kairos moments of God’s plan for humanity. 

We are told often by pastors and preachers not to hide our faith but to live boldly, “Our lives are testimonies of hope amid darkness.” That we are to “stand with the oppressed, pray for justice, and speak biblical truth in our communities.” I believe the lesson of Acts 16 is, “Do not retreat in fear or silence, but also, do not be the crowd who just went along with those who shout the loudest.” Instead, let your life be a testament to the hope found in Christ. 

Commit to living out your faith actively—whether through prayer, service, or speaking truth—Studying the Word prayerfully, actively, and in community, trusting that the Lord will use your witness for His glory. Let your life reflect the values you discern in Christ. Prayerfully commit to living out your principles actively—whether through repentant reflection, service, or honest communication—and by studying thoroughly, engaging actively, and collaborating with others, trusting that your actions will have a positive impact in those Divine Moments. Paul was uniquely qualified in his discernment. As an Apostle instructed by the risen Christ, he fully understood that God’s plan was perfect and beyond his control. 

We are told by Luke of his reasoning for doing what he did, but we can read between the lines to discern what it means for Christians today. Remember, the only way to understand God’s plan for us is to engage with God as much as possible—prayer, study, and accountable actions. When culture opposes biblical truth, especially as we understand it, we are called first to discern God’s plan, that kairos moment. We may be called to resist with love, prayer, and unwavering faith. One day it might be boldly calling out injustice or peacefully praying and singing. Only through discernment can we know for sure. The darkness we face may be great, but our Savior’s light is greater still.

Closing Prayer

Heavenly Father, empower us by Your Spirit to stand firm amid opposition. Give us the guidance and courage to seek your will in all we do, to speak truth, love boldly, and trust in Your sovereign power to save. Make us faithful witnesses, shining Your light into the darkest places, and may our lives testify to Your liberating grace. In Jesus’ name, amen.

Bibliography

2540 Kairos [Book Section] / auth. Thayer Joseph H. // Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. – [s.l.] : Hendrickson Publishers, 1885. – 2021 – 15th printing.

5547 Chronos [Book Section] / auth. Thayer Joseph H. // Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. – [s.l.] : Hendreckson Publishers, 1885. – 2021 – 15th printing.

Interlinear Bible [Online] // Biblehub.com. – Nov. 29, 2024. – https://biblehub.com/interlinear.

NIV Study Bible [Book]. – Grand rapids, MI : Zondervan, 2011.

NRSVue // NRSVue Holy Bible with Deuterocanonical/Apocryphal Books of the Old Testament. – Grand Rapids : Zondervan, 2022.

The Westminster Study Bible [Book] / ed. Powery Emerson B. [et al.]. – Louisville, KY : Westminster John Knox Press, 2024.

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^[1] The Greek word διαπονέομαι (diaponeomai) is translated as annoyed but can also mean troubled. Paul, knowing that this girl was possessed, may have felt compelled by the Holy Spirit to free her of the possession. Despite the consequences, Paul cast out the demon. His actions had repercussions that God used for His kairos moment in the prison. 

^[2] God’s justice here refers to the kairos moment that we are sometimes faced with. Often, what God want’s and what we want are not in sync. However, it is God’s plan which is perfect, and we are the ones who must conform to the kairos moment. How we react in such a moment is not only a test of our faith, but an acknowledgement to God’s sovereignty. 

^[3] kairos (Ancient Greek: καιρός) is an ancient Greek word meaning ‘the right or critical moment’. It is one of two words that the ancient Greeks had for ‘time’: the other being chronos (χρόνος). Whereas the latter refers to chronological or sequential time, kairos signifies a good or proper time for action. In this sense, while chronos is quantitative, kairos has a qualitative, permanent nature. (Thayer, 1885)

^[4] It is suggested that if the jailer had lost his prisoners, he would have been punished or even killed for letting them escape, even if it was not his fault. Once again signaling a societal understanding that those in power will blame those whom they have power over. To trust in God’s plan is to trust in God’s power to save us from our human proclivities. 

^[5] For a deeper dive into changing theology, I would recommend looking at commentaries from pre-1950. Many of these commentaries reflect a narrower understanding of the gospel. Many of the theologies would make even modern Christian fundamentalist seem to be liberal in their understanding. It is important for us as Christians to know that this is not new. Christ founded his ministry on pushing the Jewish temple-based religion further than they were comfortable with. For example, look at the teachings in Matthew 5 where Jesus uses the phrase, “You have heard it said… but I say to you…” This example in the sermon on the mount (Jesus’ most famous sermon) is a call for the Jewish people to be better than the law conscripted them to be. 

February 23, 2025
Rev. Rob Jones

Luke 6:27-38

“But I say to you that listen, Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, ²⁸ bless those who curse you, pray for those who abuse you. ²⁹ If anyone strikes you on the cheek, offer the other also; and from anyone who takes away your coat do not withhold even your shirt. ³⁰ Give to everyone who begs from you; and if anyone takes away your goods, do not ask for them again. ³¹ Do to others as you would have them do to you.

³² “If you love those who love you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners love those who love them. ³³ If you do good to those who do good to you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners do the same. ³⁴ If you lend to those from whom you hope to receive, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners, to receive as much again. ³⁵ But love your enemies, do good, and lend, expecting nothing in return. Your reward will be great, and you will be children of the Most High; for he is kind to the ungrateful and the wicked. ³⁶ Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful.

³⁷ “Do not judge, and you will not be judged; do not condemn, and you will not be condemned. Forgive, and you will be forgiven; ³⁸ give, and it will be given to you. A good measure, pressed down, shaken together, running over, will be put into your lap; for the measure you give will be the measure you get back.”

Sermon

Beloved congregation, today, as we delve into the profound teachings of our Lord Jesus Christ found in Luke 6:27-38, I invite you to ponder a single question: “Am I Listening?” Today’s lesson challenges us to rise above our natural inclinations and embody the radical love and generosity that Jesus exemplifies. Let us explore two key points from this passage that call us to a higher standard of discipleship. Are you Listening?

The first point I wish to make is found in verses 27-31: Jesus commands us to love our enemies, do good to those who hate us, bless those who curse us, and pray for those who mistreat us. These instructions are not mere suggestions but radical imperatives that redefine how we relate to others, especially those who oppose us. Jesus goes further by teaching us to turn the other cheek, offer our shirts when our coats are taken, and give to everyone who asks. These actions urge us to embody a love that is selfless and sacrificial, reflecting God’s infinite mercy. But how can we genuinely love those who have wronged us or wish us harm? What steps can we take to bless and pray for our adversaries?

Well, although it may seem a nonsensical answer to those who have not received it, the answer lies in the transformative power of God’s grace. When we consider Christ’s immense sacrifice on the cross, we are reminded that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us (Romans 5:8). This act of ultimate love and forgiveness sets the standard for how we should treat others, regardless of their actions towards us. Jesus, in His divine wisdom, understood that loving our enemies is not only a command but a pathway to spiritual freedom and growth.

When we choose to love our enemies, we break the cycles of hatred and resentment that can consume our hearts and separate us from God. We allow God’s grace to work through us, bringing healing and reconciliation. In a world that often values retribution and self-preservation, this call to love is countercultural and profoundly challenging. However, it is precisely this challenge that can transform our hearts and communities.

We must ask ourselves why society has become so cynical and condescending toward others. Perhaps we have been conditioned to see others as competitors rather than brothers and sisters in Christ. Our culture often promotes individualism and self-interest, leading to a breakdown in trust and empathy. It also is why there is a breakdown in community activities, clubs, and groups that seek to do good. I believe this social normalization of individualism is also why traditional churches across America are not growing anymore. This mindset can cause us to view others with suspicion and disdain rather than with the love and compassion that Jesus exemplifies. It becomes easy to point fingers and find a “bad guy.” The concept of a common enemy is a powerful draw to get people to come together. Reformed churches have, over the last few decades, frowned upon using fear tactics to increase their numbers. The old-fashioned “hellfire and brimstone” sermons are few and far between. Reformed pastors also do not preach too much about the devil and his tactics of isolation and damnation of individuals’ souls. But the devil is whispering in your ear all day, every day. The question is, to whom are you listening?

I’ll tell you that just because we don’t preach about it regularly, and just because we don’t beat that drum every Sunday, doesn’t mean that the devil isn’t working on each of us. He’s trying to isolate us, to make us question our convictions and the things we learned long ago when we were children in Sunday school. Are you hearing the Devil’s whispers that sow doubt and resentment?

Intellectually, we know better, don’t we? We all will say “YES” to the golden rule, but we turn around and say, “Those people do not deserve the things I have been given. They are not like me, like us.” And we begin to feel closer to others who also say that, and we may even invoke an Old Testament verse or two to help us. Remember, even the devil can quote scripture. But what the devil will never do is quote Jesus! To change this cynicism into compassion, we must return to Christ’s teachings and embrace a lifestyle of radical love and forgiveness. Loving our enemies does not mean condoning their actions or allowing ourselves to be harmed. Instead, it means extending the same grace and mercy that we have received from God. It means seeking to understand and empathize with others, even when it is difficult. Such actions reflect the light of Christ onto others so the Spirit can work in and through our actions for the benefit of us all. Are you hearing the Spirit whispering for you to follow Jesus?

By choosing to love our enemies, we reflect Christ’s character and bear witness to the transformative power of the Gospel. Are you listening to the voice of Jesus that calls you to embody love and forgiveness, or are you giving an ear to the Devil’s lies that encourage division?”

If we decide to follow Christ, we are vessels of God’s grace, bringing light and hope to a world that desperately needs both. Can we seek to embody this radical love in our daily lives, trusting that God will work through us to bring about His kingdom on earth? Can we be known as a people who reflect the boundless love and generosity of our Lord Jesus Christ? By the grace of Christ and by the power of the Holy Spirit, we can.

The next point is contingent upon our actions based on the teachings above (vv.27-31). In verses 32-38, Jesus emphasizes the principle of generosity. He challenges us to give without expecting anything in return and to treat others with the same grace and kindness that we desire for ourselves. Jesus teaches that the measure we use in giving will be the measure we receive.

This call to generosity transcends mere charity; it is a lifestyle of open-handedness and grace. We are to give freely, not only of our material possessions but also of our time, energy, and love. In doing so, we mirror the divine economy of grace, where God’s blessings flow abundantly to all.

What does it mean to give without expecting repayment? How can we cultivate a heart of genuine generosity in our daily lives? To whom do we listen? Who do we emulate in our lives?

To cultivate a heart of authentic generosity in our daily lives, we must first understand the profound impact of emulating Jesus in all our actions. Throughout His ministry, Jesus consistently demonstrated an unwavering commitment to love, grace, and selflessness. By mirroring His actions, we foster a lifestyle of true generosity and altruism. In fact, we do the exact opposite of what the devil is whispering in our ears that we should do. 

One striking example of this altruistic lifestyle in modern times is the story of Captain Tom Moore, a British Army officer and World War II veteran. During the COVID-19 pandemic, at the age of 99, Captain Tom set out to raise funds for the National Health Service (NHS) by walking 100 laps around his garden before his 100th birthday. His initial goal was to raise £1,000 (British pounds), but his story captured the hearts of people worldwide, and he ultimately raised over £32 million.

Captain Tom’s actions exemplify the radical love and generosity that Jesus calls us to embody. Despite his age and personal challenges, he did not hesitate to use his abilities and platform to help those in need. This selfless act of kindness is a powerful reminder that true generosity requires us to go beyond our comfort zones and extend grace to all, regardless of their background or circumstances. If the devil is telling you to make yourself comfortable, do something radical!

By following the call of Jesus and the example of individuals like Captain Tom Moore, we can change the hearts of others and even entire communities. Jesus’ call to generosity encourages us to give our time, resources, and love freely, trusting that God will meet our needs. It urges us to actively seek opportunities to help others, bless those who may not be able to repay us and show compassion in a world that often prioritizes self-interest.

Can we commit ourselves to this higher standard of discipleship? By following Jesus’ example of unconditional love and generosity, we not only reflect His character but also become instruments of God’s grace in our world. The Holy Spirit is with us and will help us strive to live out these teachings daily, making a difference in the lives of those around us and bringing glory to God’s name.

As we reflect on these teachings of Jesus, let us commit to embodying radical love and generosity in our lives. Let us seek opportunities to love our enemies, bless those who curse us, and pray for those who mistreat us. Additionally, let us strive to give freely and generously, trusting in God’s provision and grace. Let us move forward with hearts transformed by these teachings, ready to make a difference in our communities and the world. Let us dismiss the devil’s influence, those soft whispers in our ears. Embrace the words of Christ so we may be known as a people who reflect the boundless love and generosity of our Lord and Savior. Are you listening? Indeed, will you go forth boldly with hearts transformed by these teachings, ready to make a difference in your own lives, your communities, and the world? I pray that we all listen in the name of Jesus Christ, Amen.

Bibliography

–  Captian Tom Moore. February 2/20, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captain_Tom_Moore.

–  Interlinear Bible. Nov. 29, 2024. https://biblehub.com/interlinear.

–  Merriam-Webster. 2024. https://unabridged.merriam-webster.com.

–  NIV Study Bible. Grand rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011.

–  “NRSVue.” NRSVue Holy Bible with Deuterocanonical/Apocryphal Books of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2022.

–  Powery, Emerson B., et al., . The Westminster Study Bible. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2024.

Jan 19, 2025
Rev. Rob Jones

John 2:1-11

On the third day there was a wedding in Cana of Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there. ² Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the wedding. ³ When the wine gave out, the mother of Jesus said to him, “They have no wine.” ⁴ And Jesus said to her, “Woman, what concern is that to me and to you? My hour has not yet come.” ⁵ His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever he tells you.” ⁶ Now standing there were six stone water jars for the Jewish rites of purification, each holding twenty or thirty gallons. ⁷ Jesus said to them, “Fill the jars with water.” And they filled them up to the brim. ⁸ He said to them, “Now draw some out, and take it to the person in charge of the banquet.” So they took it. ⁹ When the person in charge tasted the water that had become wine and did not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), that person called the bridegroom ¹⁰ and said to him, “Everyone serves the good wine first and then the inferior wine after the guests have become drunk. But you have kept the good wine until now.” ¹¹ Jesus did this, the first of his signs, in Cana of Galilee and revealed his glory, and his disciples believed in him.

A Wedding

The wedding at Cana in John 2:1-11 is a significant theological statement in the Reformed tradition. It highlights God’s grace, covenantal blessings, and Christ’s transformative power. The story unfolds during a joyous wedding but quickly turns into a divine revelation that reveals Jesus’ mission and identity as the Messiah.

The passage begins with Jesus and his disciples attending a wedding in Cana, a cultural and theological event. Weddings in ancient Jewish culture were communal celebrations symbolizing God’s creation of a covenant relationship. Jesus’ attendance emphasizes His affirmation of creation and life’s joys.

However, the party is suddenly interrupted. The crisis of running out of wine disrupts the celebration. In Jewish tradition, as with many modern celebrations, wine represents joy, abundance, and life. The depletion of wine could lead to social embarrassment and overshadow the joyous occasion. It would, at the very least, slow the party down.

The Theological Implications of the Miracle

When Mary informs Jesus about the lack of wine, it sparks a conversation that reveals much about Jesus’ relation to His mother and His mission. Jesus’ response, “Woman, what concern is that to me and to you? My hour has not yet come” (John 2:4), might initially seem dismissive; however, a deeper exploration reveals that Jesus is indicating the profound shift from familial ties to His heavenly mission. His “hour” refers to the time of His ultimate revelation in glory through His death and resurrection. This response emphasizes that Jesus prioritizes His divine mission over societal expectations or familial relationships. In Reformed thought, this is reflective of an essential tenet in that it posits God’s sovereignty over all aspects of life. (Calvin)^[1]

The miracle itself—transforming six stone jars of water into wine—is laden with rich theological symbolism. The stone jars in this story are for Jewish rites of purification, pointing to the Old Covenant, which emphasized ritual cleansing and adherence to the Law (Exodus 30:18-21). In turning water, which symbolizes ritual purity, into wine, Jesus manifests the inauguration of a new covenant—a covenant of grace, and the wine represents his blood. The abundance of wine produced (approximately 120 to 180 gallons) emphasizes not only the generosity of God’s grace but also points to Christ as the fulfillment of the Old Testament sacrificial system (Hebrews 9:11-14)^[2].

The act is reminiscent of the messianic banquet imagery prevalent in the Hebrew Scriptures (Isaiah 25:6-8), where joy and abundance would signify God’s blessing and restoration of His creation. Here, we see the inauguration of that eschatological hope: Jesus not only provides for the immediate need but also foreshadows the greater fulfillment of God’s redemptive plan through Himself.

The Response of Faith

The climax of the narrative culminates in the response of the disciples: “and his disciples believed in him” (John 2:11). This declaration underlines the sovereign action of God in evoking faith. Faith is a gift from God, rooted in the initiative of grace rather than human merit (Ephesians 2:8-9). The miracle signifies the revealing of Christ’s glory, which not only strengthens the faith of His disciples but also serves as a call to all believers to recognize Jesus as the ultimate source of joy and salvation. (Calvin)^[3]

Conclusion: A Foretaste of Greater Glory

The wedding at Cana is more than a physical miracle; it embodies profound theological truths about Christ’s redemption for us; it showcases God’s sovereign grace, covenantal fulfillment, and the ultimate restoration of creation through Christ. Divine blessings, in this case, are symbolized by the good wine and, therefore, encouraged to partake and celebrate the joyous communal event of marriage. Those who come to believe are encouraged to participate in the joy and hope of knowing Christ, who transforms and redeems all aspects of life. This miracle foreshadows believers’ eschatological hope in Christ, who will restore all creation, culminating in a divine banquet where God’s people will rejoice in His eternal presence.

In the Gospel of John, “signs” emphasize Jesus’s actions’ deeper meaning and purpose. The term “sign” suggests indicators of a greater truth, revealing Jesus’s identity as the Son of God and divine authority. John focuses on the theological implications, emphasizing the signs’ role in illuminating Jesus’s mission and God’s kingdom. The signs provoke belief and faith in Jesus, as John highlights the reactions of faith they elicit. Unlike the Synoptic Gospels, John frames the signs as part of a deliberate revelation of Jesus’s glory and divine nature.

“Signs” emphasizes that these events are not just astonishing but carry profound meaning, urging the audience to recognize Jesus and respond in faith.^[4]

Reflection for Contemplation

As we reflect on the wedding at Cana, look for the profound theological truths that underlie this miracle: God’s sovereign grace, covenantal fulfillment, and the ultimate restoration of creation through Christ. The miracle of turning water into wine is not just a physical act but a sign of the redemption that Christ brings to all aspects of life. It is a foreshadowing of the eschatological hope Reflection for Contemplation

As we reflect on the wedding at Cana, look for the profound theological truths that underlie this miracle: God’s sovereign grace, covenantal fulfillment, and the ultimate restoration of creation through Christ. The miracle of turning water into wine is not just a physical act but a sign of the redemption that Christ brings to all aspects of life. It is a foreshadowing of the eschatological hope

In the face of this miracle, we are reminded that faith is a gift from God, rooted in the initiative of grace rather than human merit. We are called to respond in faith, to recognize Jesus as the ultimate source of joy and salvation. As we gaze upon the signs of Christ’s glory, we are urged to recognize Jesus and respond in faith, to trust in His sovereign power and gracious love. Will we respond to the signs of Christ’s glory with faith and obedience, or will we miss the profound meaning and purpose that underlies these events? The choice is ours, but the promise of redemption and restoration is clear: Christ is the ultimate source of joy and salvation, and His glory will be revealed to all.

In the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. AMEN.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bultmann, R. K. (1976). The Gospel of John: A Commentary. (Archive.org) Retrieved January 2025, from Archive.org: https://archive.org/details/gospelofjohnco00bult

Calvin, J. (n.d.). Institutes of the Christian Religion, Book 1 and 2. In J. T. McNeill (Ed.), Institutes of the Christian Religion(F. L. Battles, Trans., Vol. I). Philadephia: The Westminster Press.

NIV Study Bible. (2011). Grand rapids, MI: Zondervan.

NRSVue. (2022). NRSVue Holy Bible with Deuterocanonical/Apocryphal Books of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan.

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^[1] God’s Sovereignty:  Jesus prioritizes His divine mission over societal expectations or familial relationships, citing Jesus’ response in John 2:4. This is reflective of the Reformed tradition’s emphasis on God’s sovereignty over all aspects of life (emphasis in the article). To support this claim, one can refer to Calvin’s Institutes (1559), specifically Book 1, Chapter 17, Points 1-3 (Calvin, 1559, 1.17.1-3).

^[2] The New Covenant: The transformation of the stone jars of water into wine as a sign of the inauguration of a new covenant—a covenant of grace, where wine represents Christ’s blood. This is supported by Hebrews 9:11-14, which mentions the inauguration of a new covenant through the death of Christ. To further elaborate on this concept, one can consult the book of Hebrews, specifically chapters 8-10, which explore the contrast between the Old and New Covenants (Hebrews 8.7-13, 9.15-22, 10.1-18).

^[3] Faith as a Gift: Faith is a gift from God, rooted in the initiative of grace rather than human merit (Ephesians 2:8-9). This concept is a central tenet of Reformed theology, and one can find further discussion in Calvin’s Institutes, specifically Book 3, Chapter 2, “Faith: Its Definition Set Forth, and Its Properties Explained” (Calvin, 1559, 3.2). 

⁴ Jesus’ Signs: In the Gospel of John, signs reveal Jesus’ identity as the Son of God and divine authority. This is in line with the book’s emphasis on the signs of Christ’s glory (John 20:31, 21:25). To explore this concept further, one can consult Rudolf Bultmann’s book The Gospel of John (Bultmann, 1976). See bibliography for URL.

Palm Sunday Sermon

Rev. Rob Jones

Luke 19:28-40

After he had said this, he went on ahead, going up to Jerusalem. ²⁹ When he had come near Bethphage and Bethany, at the place called the Mount of Olives, he sent two of the disciples, ³⁰ saying, “Go into the village ahead of you, and as you enter it you will find tied there a colt that has never been ridden. Untie it and bring it here. ³¹ If anyone asks you, ‘Why are you untying it?’ just say this, ‘The Lord needs it’” ³² So those who were sent departed and found it as he had told them. ³³ As they were untying the colt, its owners asked them, “Why are you untying the colt?” ³⁴ They said, “The Lord needs it.” ³⁵ Then they brought it to Jesus; and after throwing their cloaks on the colt, they set Jesus on it. ³⁶ As he rode along, people kept spreading their cloaks on the road. ³⁷As he was now approaching the path down from the Mount of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began to praise God joyfully with a loud voice for all the deeds of power that they had seen, ³⁸saying, “Blessed is the king who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in heaven, and glory in the highest heaven!” ³⁹ Some of the Pharisees in the crowd said to him, “Teacher, order your disciples to stop.” ⁴⁰He answered, “I tell you, if these were silent, the stones would shout out.”

Introduction

Palm Sunday is a day rich in symbolism and significance. As we reflect on Jesus’ triumphant entry into Jerusalem, our scripture today, taken from Luke 19:28-40, provides us with a profound vision of glorification and the compelling force of the Holy Spirit. As we delve into this passage, we are reminded of how God’s glory is revealed and how the Holy Spirit moves among us, compelling the faithful to bear witness.

Luke 19:28-40 – The Triumphal Entry

In Luke 19:28-40, we witness the moment Jesus draws near to the majestic city of Jerusalem with a sense of purpose. He instructs His disciples to retrieve a colt, one that has never felt the weight of human presence. This choice is rich with cultural symbolism, signaling the dawn of a new kingship. As Jesus gracefully rides into the heart of the city, the air buzzes with excitement. Crowds gather, their joy palpable, as they spread their cloaks upon the dusty path, creating a vibrant tapestry for the King to tread. They erupt into joyous exclamations, “Blessed is the king who comes in the name of the Lord!”—their voices harmonizing in a symphony of praise.

Yet, not all are swept away by this buoyant tide of celebration. The Pharisees, their expressions twisted in indignation, implore Jesus to silence His high-spirited followers. But with unshakeable resolve, Jesus responds, ” I tell you, if these were silent, the stones would shout out.” His words resonate like a thunderclap, emphasizing to them, to the reader, and to us who hear the story that the glory of God is too grand to be contained or muted.

This passage encapsulates the very essence of glorification. Jesus stands as the pivotal point of divine revelation, welcomed not only by the joyous shouts of humanity but by the entire cosmos. The imagery of stones crying out serves as a powerful reminder that God’s glory transcends all limitations. When the faithful acknowledge and proclaim the magnificence of the Divine, they are propelled by the Holy Spirit—a force so compelling that even the quietest, inanimate objects cannot help but bear witness. When we shout Hallelujah, creation itself bears witness! The celebration of God’s majesty reverberates through everything, illuminating the profound connection between the divine and the earthly.

The Glorification of God

The glorification of God stands as a fundamental theme on Palm Sunday, marking a significant moment in the Christian faith. As Jesus makes His triumphant entry into Jerusalem, He is met with acclaim as the messianic king—a long-awaited figure of hope and deliverance for the people. The enthusiastic shouts of the crowd—“Blessed is the king who comes in the name of the Lord!”—are more than simple expressions; they serve as a powerful declaration of faith, signifying their recognition of God’s sovereign authority over their lives and hope in the unfolding events.

In the Old Testament, Psalm 118:26 resonates deeply within this context: “Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord!” This phrase captures a moment of divine acknowledgment and is echoed by the masses in the Gospel of Luke, reinforcing not only their recognition of Jesus’ identity but also the principle of glorifying God through communal worship.

Within the Reformed tradition, the concept of glorification transcends mere outward displays of praise; it is fundamentally tied to an inner transformation of the heart. Theologian John Calvin, in his profound work “Institutes of the Christian Religion,” articulates the notion that authentic worship emerges from a heart that is humbled before God. This humbling acknowledgment of God’s supreme authority and abundant grace leads to a genuine relationship with the Divine.

When the Holy Spirit resides within believers, it inspires a profound shift that drives them to glorify God through not only their words but the entirety of their lives. Worship becomes a holistic expression that combines daily actions, decisions, and interactions, ultimately reflecting the transformative impact of God’s grace in their lives. Worship does not stop when the blessing is given, and the post-lude is played at the end of the hour. Worship continues in every aspect of our existence. Thus, the essence of glorifying God is lived out in ways that align with the core values of humility, service, and authentic worship—truly embodying the spirit of Palm Sunday beyond a mere celebratory moment.

Compelled by the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit’s role in compelling the faithful to glorify God is evident throughout the Bible. In Acts 2, we see the Spirit descending upon the apostles, empowering them to speak in tongues and proclaim the gospel boldly. Peter, filled with the Spirit, addresses the crowd, leading to the conversion of about three thousand souls that day.

Similarly, in the Old Testament, we find the Spirit moving mightily. In Ezekiel 37:1-10, the prophet witnesses a vision showing a valley full of dry bones. The Lord asks if they can live and commands Ezekiel to prophesy to them. As he prophesied, the bones come together, covered with flesh but without breath. Then, the Lord commands Ezekiel to prophesy to the breath (The Ruach- the same Hebrew word used when God breathed life into Adam. It is literally translated as the Holy Spirit.), bringing life into the bones and turning them into a vast multitude of living beings. This vivid illustration demonstrates the transformative power of the Holy Spirit, which can bring life to the lifeless and compel all creation to glorify God.

The compelling force of the Holy Spirit is not just a historical phenomenon; it is an ever-present reality. As believers, we are called to be vessels through which the Spirit manifests God’s glory. In “Knowing God” by J.I. Packer, the author highlights how the Holy Spirit enlightens our minds, awakens our hearts, and strengthens our will to live in accordance with God’s purposes. (Packer) It is through the Spirit that we are equipped to shout praises even when confronted with adversity.

Biblical Examples and Illustrations

Throughout scripture, we find numerous examples of individuals compelled by the Holy Spirit to glorify God. In 2 Samuel 6:14, David dances before the Lord with all his might, undeterred by the disdain of others. His unabashed worship is a testament to how the Spirit moves us—encouraging us to celebrate God’s presence joyfully.

Paul, in his epistles, frequently speaks of the Spirit’s work in his ministry. In Romans 8:14, he writes, “For all who are led by the Spirit of God are children of God.” Paul’s missionary journeys, filled with trials and triumphs, display a life led by the Spirit devoted to glorifying God.

In our lives, we encounter moments where the Holy Spirit compels us to act in faith. C.S. Lewis, in “Mere Christianity,” describes the Spirit’s influence as a persistent nudge, guiding us towards truth and righteousness. Whether through acts of kindness, moments of worship, or standing firm in our convictions, the Spirit empowers us to be witnesses to God’s glory. (Lewis)

Conclusion

As we reflect on the triumphant entry of Jesus into Jerusalem, let us be reminded of the call to glorify God in all we do. The Holy Spirit compels us, just as it compelled the crowd to shout praises and the stones to cry out. Our glorification of God is not limited by circumstance; it is an expression that transcends time, space, and even the barriers of the physical world.

Beloved, on this Palm Sunday, may we allow the Holy Spirit to move freely within us. Let us be bold in our worship, steadfast in our faith, and unwavering in our witness. For if we remain silent, the stones themselves will shout. God’s glory is, indeed, boundless and ever-present, and we are privileged to be part of His divine story.

In the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Amen.

Bibliography

Interlinear Bible. 29 Nov. 2024. <https://biblehub.com/interlinear&gt;.

Lewis, C. S. “Mere Christianity.” Horizon Ridge Publishing, n.d. Kindle Epub P.32-34.

Merriam-Webster. 2024. <https://unabridged.merriam-webster.com&gt;.

NIV Study Bible. Grand rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011.

“NRSVue.” NRSVue Holy Bible with Deuterocanonical/Apocryphal Books of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2022.

Packer, J. I. “Knowing God.” Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 1973. Kindle Epub p.236.

Powery, Emerson B., et al., The Westminster Study Bible. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2024.